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H.248 or Megaco or Gateway Control Protocol is a recommendation from ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) which defines protocols that are used between elements of a physically decomposed multimedia gateway. It is an implementation of the Media Gateway Control Protocol Architecture(RFC 2805). H.248 is also called Megaco in IETF domain. It is now known as Gateway Control Protocol. The current standard published in March 2013 by ITU-T is H.248.1: Gateway control protocol: Version 3.[1]
H.248/Megaco is standard protocol for controlling the elements of a physically decomposed multimedia gateway, which enables separation of call control from media conversion. H.248/Megaco is a master/slave protocol used to separate the call control logic from the media processing logic in a gateway.
H.248/Megaco follows the guidelines of the API Media Gateway Control Protocol Architecture and Requirements in RFC 2805 (April 2000). Though H.248 performs the same functions as other Media Gateway control protocol namely MGCP, it uses different syntax, commands and processes and supports a broader range of networks. H.248 and MGCP protocols are complementary to H.323 and SIP protocols.[2][3]
The protocol was the result of collaboration of the MEGACO working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Study Group 16. The IETF originally published the standard as RFC 3015, which was later replaced by RFC 3525. The term Megaco is the IETF designation. Megaco combines Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) and Media Device Control Protocol (MDCP).[4] Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) in turn was formed by merging Simple Gateway Control Protocol(SGCP) with Internet Protocol Device Control (IPDC).[5]
The ITU later took ownership of the protocol and IETF's version has been reclassified as historic by RFC 5125. The ITU has published three versions of H.248,[1] the most recent in September 2005. H.248 encompasses not only the base protocol specification in H.248.1, but many extensions defined throughout the H.248 Sub-series.
Another implementation of the Media Gateway Control Protocol architecture is Media Gateway Control Protocol. This is used over the same interface and similar in application and service functionality, however, it is a different protocol and the underlying differences make them incompatible.
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